Which distributive justice theory starts with the premise of equality?

Which distributive justice theory starts with the premise of equality?

• A. Libertarian
• B. Utilitarian
• C. Egalitarian
• D. Marxist

Answer: (C)

Egalitarianism as a theory starts from equality as the baseline for how goods and opportunities should be distributed. It holds that all people have equal moral worth and deserve equal consideration, so distributive justice aims to minimize unjust or arbitrary differences and often seeks equal shares or equal access to basic resources and opportunities. This contrasts with libertarian approaches, which prioritize individual liberty and property rights and allow inequalities if they arise from voluntary exchanges; utilitarian views, which seek to maximize overall happiness even if that means unequal outcomes; and Marxist perspectives, which critique exploitation and aim for a classless, collectively owned system, focusing on how power and resources are distributed rather than starting from equal consideration as the baseline. So the premise of equality inherent in egalitarian theory makes it the best answer.

Egalitarianism as a theory starts from equality as the baseline for how goods and opportunities should be distributed. It holds that all people have equal moral worth and deserve equal consideration, so distributive justice aims to minimize unjust or arbitrary differences and often seeks equal shares or equal access to basic resources and opportunities. This contrasts with libertarian approaches, which prioritize individual liberty and property rights and allow inequalities if they arise from voluntary exchanges; utilitarian views, which seek to maximize overall happiness even if that means unequal outcomes; and Marxist perspectives, which critique exploitation and aim for a classless, collectively owned system, focusing on how power and resources are distributed rather than starting from equal consideration as the baseline. So the premise of equality inherent in egalitarian theory makes it the best answer.